| 摘要: |
| 本文以2025年辽宁省科技馆与万达电影合作放映动画片《哪吒2》为案例,分析公益一类事业单位市场化探索的政策定位、公共职能边界及其现实合理性与风险。基于公共治理理论,提出“公益优先指数”量化模型,以衡量商业活动对公益属性的契合度,发现现行财政“一刀切”政策虽保障公益属性却抑制机构活力,适度引入商业服务可提升资源利用效率、扩大科普受众,实现公益与社会效益叠加。此类探索须严守法律底线,明确经营范围与监管机制,防范使命偏离等风险。为此,建议构建“财政保障+社会参与”的多元投入体系,推行“免费基础服务+收费增值服务”双轨模式,强化市场运作、绩效评估与信息公开,并通过分类管理优化、财税激励等举措平衡公共职能与市场活力。本研究为公益事业单位探索创新服务模式提供了理论借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 事业单位管理 公共文化服务 科技馆 商业服务 协调机制 Exploring the Boundaries and Mechanisms of Commercial Services in Public Science MuseumsLiu Shuping Yu Jian |
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| Exploring the Boundaries and Mechanisms of Commercial Services in Public Science Museums |
| Liu Shuping,Yu Jian |
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| Abstract: |
| This paper examines the case of the 2025 collaboration between the Liaoning Science and Technology Museum and Wanda Film in screening the animated film Ne Zha 2. It analyzes the policy orientation, boundaries of public functions, and the rationale and risks associated with market-oriented initiatives in public welfare institutions. Drawing on public governance theory, the study introduces a quantitative“Public Welfare Priority Index” model to evaluate the alignment of commercial activities with institutional missions. The findings indicate that the current uniform funding policy, while safeguarding these institutions' public service mission, suppresses their institutional vitality. A moderate introduction of commercial services can enhance the efficiency of resource utilization, broaden the audience for science outreach, and achieve a synergy between public welfare and social benefits. However, such explorations must strictly observe legal boundaries, clearly define operational scopes and regulatory mechanisms, and guard against risks such as mission drift.Consequently, the study recommends establishing a diversified funding system that combines government support with social participation and adopting a dual-track model of “free basic services + fee-based value-added services.” It also calls for strengthening market-oriented operations, performance evaluation, and information disclosure, and for balancing public duties with market vitality through measures such as refined classification management and fiscal and tax incentives. This research provides theoretical guidance for public welfare institutions in exploring innovative service models. |
| Key words: public institution management, public cultural services, science and technology museum, commercial services, coordination mechanism |
